By the end of 2025, International Data Corporation estimates that 41.6 billion connected objects will be deployed worldwide; nearly two‑thirds will serve industry, logistics, or energy.

So how do you connect all these objects — everywhere in the world, all the time?

The real challenge is no longer transmitting data in city centers — 4G/5G, fiber, or LoRa already do that very well — but maintaining the link when a sensor crosses a remote forest, a desert, or the ocean, in other words a white zone.

Terrestrial networks offer high throughput, low latency, and low costs… as long as there is ground infrastructure. Yet only ≈ 15% of the Earth’s surface — the inhabited areas — enjoys such coverage. Beyond that, the signal disappears: logistics tracking is interrupted, preventive maintenance becomes impossible, environmental data is lost.

Satellite networks, whether in LEO, MEO, or GEO, cover the entire planet without ground relays. Throughput remains modest but sufficient to transmit data such as position, temperature, or vibrations. Latency is higher, but still compatiblewith the majority of industrial use cases. And on an isolated worksite, the solution is often more economical than deploying terrestrial antennas.

The hybrid route is the way forward: sensors favor terrestrial connectivity whenever it’s available (for optimal energy use and cost), then switch seamlessly to satellite as soon as the signal drops. The outcome is an unbroken data chain, wherever assets move and whatever the conditions.

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